Many people on the skin are benign soft growths are flesh-colored. In most cases, they have a "foot". In everyday life such skin lesions called warts. But in the field of dermatology, they are called papillomas.
These tumors may occur on any area of the body. However, the most common are the armpits, neck and groin. If they don't pay attention, they are able to increase in size, to be damaged by contact with clothing and bleeding.
Why is there a skin polyps, do I have to go to the doctor and how to get rid of them forever — look at the article.
What seems papilloma
The main cause of this disease is HPV, or human papillomavirus. He is in the body almost every person. But not all symptoms occur in the form of growths. This is because that in good health, the virus has been suppressed by immune cells. And in 2-3 years, in most cases, it disappears from the body.
What is this virus? HPV is a shell-less virus, which is embedded in the DNA of skin cells and mucous membranes. It is located on the surface, without going into the deeper layers of the dermis.
Many months and maybe years it is dormant. By reducing the immunity for various reasons, virus aktiviziruyutsya and begin to grow. So it's warts.
Factors that negatively affect the immune system include:
- The constant stress.
- Poor quality or monotonous diet.
- The lack of vitamins.
- Chronic fatigue.
- A passive lifestyle.
- Bad habits.
- Of a malignant tumor.
- Of serious infectious diseases.
- Uncontrolled reception of antibiotics.
At risk are the elderly, as with age-related changes in the body worse resists viruses. Also often skin lesions occur in children. Unformed child's immune system is not able to cope with the virus. He is, after 2-3 months after the infection goes into the active phase.
Important! If the person is infected with HPV, then remove it from the body is impossible. Either on your own or he falls into the "sleep" at the same time strengthen the immune system.
Risk factors for women
During pregnancy in women, there is a natural inhibition of the immune system. This is necessary to keep the organism perceived the fetus as a foreign object and gave it the ability to attach itself to the uterus. If the woman in the body it is the human papilloma virus, it always will take advantage of this moment. Therefore in pregnant women the incidence of papillomas common problem.
Risk factors for men
Causes of skin lesions in men is rooted in alcohol abuse, frequent change of sexual partners, Smoking. Bad habits negatively affect the state's General immunity, and constant inhalation of tobacco smoke inhibits the local protection of the oral cavity and the respiratory tract. It can lead to a serious disease such as laryngeal papillomatosis.
The average latent (hidden) period lasts from 3 months to a year. When the good health of the infected person is only a carrier without external manifestations. But the danger lies in the fact that it is able to infect another person.
Ways to HPV infection
The Causative agent for some time is able to survive outside of the body. Infection most often occurs by transferring the virus through contact-household way. It can be a handshake, a touch, and the use of common household items, toys. Frequent cases of contamination in places of public resort. The bath, pool, water parks.
But for penetration to the dermal layer of the skin to a condition — damage on the skin. For infection be sufficient cracks or small abrasions.
In a newborn, the infection is on the vertical path, that is, from the mother-carrier in the birth process or during breastfeeding.
Genital genital warts or genital warts is only transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse. It is also possible to samsarajade, which is the transmission of the virus from one body part to another. This happens by scratching or traumatizing the growth, for example, while shaving.
Main types and types of warts
Strains of HPV-there are many. The medicine, while it is known only 200 types of viruses. Some of them affect only the parts of the body, the other mucous membranes in the genitals, and the third arise in the oral cavity and the larynx.
Among the known types are types that have high oncogenic risk. For example, the most dangerous women are virus 16, 18 and 31 types. They are often identified in cervical erosion and cause its degeneration into cancer. The presence in the body vysokokonkurentnyj types of virus does not mean that the person must have Oncology. But it requires more careful attention to the health and monitoring of a specialist.
The size and shape of the following types of papillomas:
- Vulgar is common, the most common growths. Often appear between the toes, on the soles of the feet, chin. Plantar warts have several compressed solid form due to the walk and press. Often painful, but not oncogenic.
- Filiform or acrochordus — typically for older people. Externally, a dense yellow color. Has a tendency to increase with time. Always have a thin stem. Located in the armpits, in the neck, in the folds of skin and groin area. Not able to malignancies.
- Flat , small and numerous skin lesions a flat. Of skin rise a little. Have bodily or brown color. Located on the front side, in the upper part of the chest, in the vicinity of the anus. Low risk for malignancy.
- Genital warts or genital warts — occur only on the genitals. Transmission is mainly sexual. Able to degeneration in malignancy.
Some forms of HPV cause dangerous disease papillomatosis of the larynx. White spots and growths interfere with normal breathing, affects the vocal cords. This condition can lead to suffocation. Often this diagnosis is diagnosed in children. In complicated cases the virus goes down and affects the bronchi, lungs and trachea.
The risk for skin growths
Most of them are not a threat to life and health. They are just an aesthetic error and cause mental discomfort.
But if the papilloma is caused by a virus with a high level of oncogenicity, which under unfavorable circumstances can lead to a cancer diagnosis. Malignancy leads to severe poisoning, as well as metastases.
Factors that can lead to malignancy education:
- sunburns and exposure to ultraviolet radiation;
- infection with HPV as a result of her injury;
- chronic inflammation in the body and counteract the decrease in immunity.
Also the plants often grow, their number increases. They have a tendency to merge into a group, the result is a large affected area. Rub on your clothing can cause damage and bleeding build up.
When you have to go to the doctor
It is important to consult a dermatologist for a checkup if you notice the following changes:
- After the injury the wound is not healed. Observed excretion of fluid, there is pain when touched.
- Color education was darker.
- Papilloma began to increase in size.
- Pus.
- Smell.
- Throbbing pain even at rest.
- Hair loss in the area of growth.
All skin formation is subject to the control and monitoring of the genetic predisposition for cancer. If the papilloma to bring to life the discomfort and interference, so they are susceptible to mechanical removal.
Diagnosis and treatment of papillomas
Depending on the positioning, you should consult a dermatologist, gynecologist or urologist. For the assessment of growth takes place in the following studies:
- Dermatoscopy is a detailed study of the papilloma through a handheld device.
- A blood test for the detection of antibodies against HPV.
- PCR-diagnostics.
- Taking of biological material for histological testing (for suspected malignancy education).
Vaginal formulations, the doctor takes a swab from the urethra or the cervix. Conducted testing for Stds. Diagnosis the presence of genital warts is done by both parties.
When multiple rashes may carry out an analysis to check the immune status.
The treatment of the disease is aimed to suppress the virus and improve the immune system. This necessarily before the removal of all growths, as sources of the virus. Then held antiviral therapy and receive immunomodulators such.
Methods to remove devices
Depending on the size and location of the doctor may suggest the following methods for surgical removal.
- Cryosurgery or exposure to liquid nitrogen.
The disadvantage of this method is that the experts do not exactly control the depth of the meaning. Because of this risk of burns or incomplete excision of the mass. - Laser removal
It is a modern method that makes it possible for a session to get rid of several formations. Leaves no scars. Not bleeding, so what is the process for handling ships. Has a number of contraindications. - Electrocoagulation.
This method involves the exposure on the scale with the electrode. Effective in protruding warts, which have a stem. Used in the intimate area. Advantage: remote build up can be sent for further laboratory study. - Radio wave method or the method radiologia.
Specialist can individually select the length and the strength of the radio waves, given the depth of the growth. Is carried out using apparatus "Surgitron". Healthy cells are not damaged, is a point impact on the growth of a thin electrode. Rehabilitation is not necessary.
In rare cases, a surgical excision of education. It is used for large lesions or if there are signs of malignancy. This is the most radical, but effective method. Requires later recovery. Often leave a small scar. The risk of relapse is minimal as the surgeon completely removes build up, affecting the healthy area. The surgery is performed under local anesthesia.
A single ordinary papillomas can be removed using special chemical compounds. They contain alkali or acid. But with this method the risk of scalding. In addition, incomplete removal of growth often leads to new education. Self-removal of the formations may lead to serious negative consequences.
Preventive measures
In order to fully protect you against HPV is only possible through vaccination. But it is only advisable before sexual activity. It protects only against the most dangerous types of viruses that can lead to cancer.
To reduce the risk of papillomas is necessary to observe elementary rules.
- In public places not to go barefoot. Only use your shoes.
- In the public toilets to use disposable plates.
- Use a condom during oral and vaginal sex. But it will only give 50% protection, since the infection is quite simple close bodily contact.
- Seek a monogamous relationship.
- Minimize close contact with an infected person who has symptoms of the disease.
Special attention should be directed towards the health, if you are planning a pregnancy. For this pre-pass test for the detection of HPV.
To avoid a recurrence of the pathology after removal, you need to accurately follow all the doctor's recommendations. You should take care of the immune system, to keep it at an optimal level. To do this properly and eat a healthy diet, exercise and give up bad habits.
The very presence of HPV in the body is not a reason to sound the alarm, and to start intensive care. But when detected on the skin growths is best to consult a doctor.